Idealism

 

Idealism

In philosophy, idealism is the doctrine that teaches that the nature of the physical world can only be understood in its reliance on the soul (mind) and spirit (the spirit). The term is derived from the word "idea", which is something that is present in the soul. The word idealism in philosophy has a very different meaning from the meaning commonly used in everyday language. Idealistic said it may contain some sense, such as: A person who receives the size of the high moral, aesthetic, and religious and live it; person who can describe and advocate a plan or program that does not exist. 

    Philosophical meaning of the word idealism is determined more by the meaning of the idea rather than the ideal. W.E. Hocking, an idealist says that the idea-ism is more appropriate to use than idealism. In summary idealism says that reality consists of ideas, thoughts, intellect (mind) or soul (self) and not the material things and strength. Idealism emphasizes the mind as the first (primary) rather than the material. 

Nature, for the idealists, have meaning and purpose among its aspects is human development. Hence an idealist would argue that there is a deep sense of harmony between man and nature. What is "the highest in the soul" is also the "deepest in nature". Humans feel there home with nature; he is not a person or creature fate, because nature is a logical system and spiritual; and this is reflected in man's efforts to seek a better life. Soul (self) rather than isolated units or rill, the soul is the real part of the natural process. The process in which a high level shows himself as an activist, mind, soul, or individual. Humans as part of the natural unit shows the structure of life itself. 

The main points raised by the idealism is the soul has a major position in the universe. Actually, idealism does not deny the material. However, the material is an idea that is not clear and not nature. Therefore, one would think of the material in the deepest essence, he must think of the spirit or mind. If someone wants to know whether in fact the matter, he should examine whether the mind, whether it's value, and whether the reason was, not whether the material. 

    This understanding assumes that the soul is an actual reality. Humans exist because there are no visible elements containing human attitudes and actions. Human beings are viewed as a mental / spiritual. To be human then equipment is used not merely physical equipment that includes only the sensory equipment, but also equipment that includes a spiritual sense and reason. Precisely mind and behavior or character that will determine the quality of the man. 

Types of Idealism 

History idealism quite tortuous and expanded as it covers a wide range of different theories related though. There are several types of idealism: subjective idealism, objective idealism, and personal ideals. 

1. Subjective Idealism 
    Subjective idealism is minded idealist philosophy and adhering to the idea of ​​humans or their own ideas. Nature and society is created from human ideas. Everything that arise and occur in nature or in society is the result or because of the creation of man or his own ideas, or in other words, nature and society is just an idea / mind of man himself or idea. One of the famous character from this stream of English is a named George Berkeley (1684-1753 AD). According to Berkeley, everything captured by the sensation / feeling we were not real and no matter objectively. 

2. Objective Idealism 
Objective Idealism is the ideal starting point to the idea that beyond human ideas. Objective idealism is said that the reason to find what is already contained in the natural order. 
According to the objective idealism everything either in nature or society is the result of the idea of ​​universal creation. This view of philosophy as essentially acknowledging that which is not matter, that is eternally beyond human, something that is not a matter that was before the world the universe exists, including humans and all thoughts and feelings. 

    Idealist philosopher who first became known was Plato. He divides the world into two parts. First, the world of perception, this world is a temporal concrete and broken; not the real world, but a shadow alias cosmetic. Secondly, there is a natural on the nature of objects, namely the nature of concepts, ideas, universal or eternal essence. 

3. Personal Idealism (personalism) 
    Idealism that values ​​personal struggle to perfect himself. Personalism emerged as a protest against mechanical materialism and idealism monistic. For a personalist, the basic reality is not an abstract idea or a specific thought process, but a person, a soul or a thinker. 

Characters Idealism 

1. J.G. Fichte (1762-1814 AD) 
    Johan Gottlieb Fichte was a German philosopher. He studied theology at Jena in 1780-1788. According to Fichte's philosophy must be deduced from a single principle. It is sufficient to meet the demands of thought, moral, and even the whole human needs. The principle in question is in ethics. Not theory, but at the center of Practice that set the surrounding life. Essential element of the experience is an act, not a fact. 
In his opinion the subject "create" objects. The first fact is that "I'm thinking that", subject to position ourselves as a thesis. But the subject requires an object, such as right-hand presupposes left hand, and this is the antithesis. Subjects and objects are seen in the so-called unity of the synthesis. Everything that exists comes from the actions I follow. 

2. G.W.F Hegel (1798-1857 AD) 
    Hegel was born in Stuttgart, Germany on August 17, 1770 Her father was a petty official named George Ludwig Hegel and his mother is not known it was Mary Magdalene. At the age of 7 he entered the Latin school, and a gymnasium. Hegel is quite young children late aka telmi think! At the age of 18 he entered the University of Tübingen. After finishing college, he became a tutor, in addition to teaching at Yena. At the age of 41 years he married Marie von Tucher. His career in addition to being the director of high school, was also a newspaper editor. He was appointed as professor at Heidelberg and then moved to Berlin until he became

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